Look what happens to Galileo, who was lucky enough not to have been burn on the stake by his friend, the pope.

看看伽利略的遭遇吧,他足够幸运,没有被他的教皇朋友绑在火刑柱上烧死

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

The horn obviously is a brass instrument and what makes the sound is a vibrating column of air.

显而易见的,圆号是个铜管乐器,它通过震动空气柱来发出声音

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

You pull out your clicker, you do it, and then we'll get a nice little pie chart or a bar chart on the computer of your responses.

你们就拿出表决器,按一下,我们就能在电脑上得到一张饼状统计图,或者柱状统计图,代表你们的答案

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

It dropped dramatically in the period from 1954-- this is these filled black bars refer to this axis, polio cases per 100,000 population dropped down to only three or four cases by 1956.

患病率在一九五四年后的,一段时间里急剧下降,该坐标轴上的这些黑色柱形图表明,到一九五六年,小儿麻痹症的发病率,已经降低至每十万人中仅三到四人发病

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now I didn't use--no hands-- that was just the notes that are naturally on the twelve and a half-foot length of vibrating air.

我没有用手控制,都是十二个半英尺高的震动空气柱,自然产生的音符

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

That's the harmonic series that's on that, and what the valves do is they shorten and lengthen that vibrating column of air very much like the cello string on the fingerboard.

这就是圆号上的泛音列,活瓣的作用是增长或减短,空气柱的高度,很像大提琴指板上的弦

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

In this case, the basic column of air is twelve and a half feet long and there are something called "Partials" or the "Harmonic series" That happens in anything, on a string instrument or whatever, but on the horn it's very distinct and that's what makes the different notes.

像这样,基本空气柱有十二个,每个半英尺长,圆号能发出分音,或泛音列,弦乐器或是,其他别的乐器中都有,但在圆号上,效果相当不同,这就是它能奏出不同音符的原因

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选