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There are 64 combinations of three bases and I only need to describe 20, so there's combinations to spare.
三个一组的碱基产生六十四种组合,而我只需对应二十种氨基酸,所以一种氨基酸会对应不同密码子
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The plants can be deficient in certain things, especially fat soluble vitamins that come from meat and from essential amino acids.
植物中缺乏某些物质,特别是脂溶性维生素,那些只能从肉类和必需氨基酸中获得
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The reason it is so exciting that it's a protein, and it's a protein, this is the structure here, it's a ribbon structure so you can kind of see what it looks like, it's made up of all natural amino acids.
它这么让人激动的原因是因为它是一个蛋白质，这里的这个结构，这是个带状机构，你可以看到它的样子，它全部是由氨基酸组成的。
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Because of this, they can't repair the various kinds of damage they need, or create the amino acids and proteins they need.
他们不能修复各种损伤,或者生成所需的氨基酸蛋白质
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DNA also has this sort of combinatorial system where you have a finite number of, I guess, bases or amino acids that could combine to a possible infinity of strings of DNA strings.
脱氧核糖核酸也拥有这种组合系统,你的生物基础或氨基酸数量是有限的,但却能组合出,几乎无限的脱氧核糖核酸螺旋结构
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You could read through this sequence and you could figure out what the sequence of amino acids would be.
因此你可以读一段序列,并推算出,对应的氨基酸序列
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I'd only have 16 possible two base sequences, that's not enough to specify over 20 amino acids.
如果两个碱基一组那一共只有十六种组合,不够和二十种氨基酸来一一对应
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Proteins are only susceptible to phosphorylation if they have certain kinds of amino acid sequences.
只有含这些氨基酸的蛋白质,才能够被磷酸化
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One of the amino acids that can be phosphorylated is tyrosine, for example.
例如,一种能够被磷酸化的氨基酸,叫做酪氨酸
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Now, being phosphorylated means that a phosphate group has been added to the protein, and phosphate groups can only be added to certain amino acids along a protein.
磷酸化的意思是,蛋白上连接了一个磷酸基团,这个磷酸基团只能连在,蛋白中某些特定的氨基酸上
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For some of you that haven't I'll just say that it's a protein, it's 238 amino acids, which means that it's about 1,000, actually more than 1,000 atoms in size, and this protein is fluorescent.
对于那些没听说过的人,我要说它是一种蛋白质，它有238个氨基酸，也就意味着它有约1000个，实际上是超过1000个原子，这种蛋白质是有萤光的。
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There's just more sequences in a three unit codon than I need for the amino acids.
一个氨基酸对应不止一个密码子,由三碱基所构成的密码子
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One of them has the right sequence of codons to specify the amino acid sequence of the protein, and the other one has a complimentary sequence.
该段带有正确的密码子序列,能够指导氨基酸序列合成蛋白质,另一段则是它的互补序列
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They bring into proximity an amino acid so that instead of forming a new polymer of a nucleic acid, a polymer of an amino acids is formed.
同时它所携带氨基酸相互邻接,从而形成了一个氨基酸聚合物,而非核酸聚合物
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That's because every three base pairs describes an amino acid in a protein.
那是因为每三个碱基对,对应一个蛋白质中的一个氨基酸
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There are more than 20 amino acids that make up the biological polymers called proteins, so there are 20 choices of each amino acid at a position on a protein.
而那些称为蛋白质的生物活性多聚体,是由二十种不同氨基酸所构成,因此每个蛋白质的,任意位点都有多达二十种氨基酸可供选择
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How would I know what amino acid that is?
我怎么知道这个氨基酸是什么呢
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That creates a problem in the genetic code in that there's 64 possible sequences but there's only 20 some amino acids, so each amino acid can be specified by more than one codon.
这里有个问题,遗传密码有六十四种可能的序列,而只有二十种氨基酸,因此每种氨基酸都有,不止一种密码子与之对应
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A polymer of amino acids is a protein.
而氨基酸聚合物就是蛋白质
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The digestive system, of course, is responsible for bringing in sort of fresh nutrients, fresh substrates for cellular metabolism, fresh quantities of amino acids, and nucleotides, and the things that we can't generate internally.
当然,还有消化系统,它主要负责将各种新鲜营养物摄入体内,为细胞代谢提供新的底物,如一批新的氨基酸,核苷酸,以及那些人体无法自行合成的东西
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There are combinations to spare.
不同的组合可以代表同一个氨基酸
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They are RNA molecules but they have at some points in their life span, they have amino acids attached to them.
这些是如假包换的RNA分子,但在其生命周期的特定时间,它们会携带一个氨基酸分子
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Say it's , that specify an amino acid.
这里是GCU,这就确定了一个氨基酸
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