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So if I tell you that the energy for single hydrogen atom is negative 13 12 kilojoules per mole.
如果我告诉大家单个氢原子的能量,是负的，1312，千焦每摩尔。
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So, what we get for the disassociation energy for a hydrogen atom is 424 kilojoules per mole.
因此，我们就得到了氢原子,离解能的大小为，424，千焦每摩尔。
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And, likewise, if we look at fluorine in its diatomic molecule, it is 160 kilojoules per mole.
一样的，如果我们观察二价的氟，它是每摩尔160焦。
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Ordinary heat capacities are in Joule's per Kelvin mole, not kilojoules, right.
一般热容的单位是焦耳每摩,而不是千焦。
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Now let's go on here to listen to some music of Rossini-- composer Gioachino Rossini-- coming after Mozart, and he likes chord progressions too, so we're going to listen to a passage of Rossini and see what he does by way of his chord selection.
我们继续，在莫扎特之后我们要听的音乐来自罗西尼-,作曲家焦阿基诺，罗西尼，他也很喜欢用和弦进行，我们来听一下罗西尼的片段，看看他是怎样选择和弦的。
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In contrast, the dissociation energy of a bond for hydrogen, and molecular hydrogen is everywhere around us, we see 432 kilojoules per mole.
相反，氢分子在我们周围到处都是，一个氢分子的离解能，是432千焦每摩尔。
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So, for example, for the chlorine case, we would say that the electron affinity for chlorine is actually positive 349 kilojoules per mole.
比如，以氯为例，我们可以说氯的电子亲和能,应该等于正的，349，千焦每摩尔。
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So we know what that number would be, it would be negative 424 kilojoules per mole that we see here.
我们知道它的值是多少，它就是我们在这见到过的负，424，千焦每摩尔。
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So this is not going to be a favorable process, we're going to find that the electron affinity is actually a negative 7 kilojoules per mole for nitrogen.
因此这并不是一个容易发生的过程，我们会发现氮的电子亲和能,应该是负的，7，千焦每摩尔。
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If we want to talk about two hydrogen atoms, then we just need to double that, so that's going to be negative 2 6 2 4 kilojoules per mole that we're talking about in terms of a single hydrogen atom.
而要讨论两个氢原子，我们只需要把它乘以二，因此应该是负的，2624，千焦每摩尔,这就是单个的氢原子的情况。
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You plug all of this in and you get 344 kilojoules per mole, which then sums to 608.
把这些都算上,我们得到344千焦每摩，与上面结果加起来是608千焦每摩。
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If I have one that's 400 kilojoules per mole and another that's 200 kilojoules per mole and I blend them, how do I get 500 kilojoules per mole?
如果你有一个每摩尔400千焦的分子,和一个没摩尔200千焦的分子,我把它们并子一起，我怎么得到每摩尔500千焦的键？
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60 If we look at 435 times 160, take the square root of that, we will end up with 264 kilojoules per mole, which sensibly lies between these two values.
35乘以，取平方根，我们会得到264千焦每摩，很合理地落在两数值之间。
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So, if we took the case of nitrogen, if we add an electron to nitrogen and go to n minus, we find that the change in energy is 7 kilojoules per mole.
如果我们以氮为例，如果我们给氮增加个电子令它变成-1价的氮，我们会发现能量的变化是，7，千焦每摩尔。
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I'm averaging it over the entire set of valence electrons which gives me 1.91 MJ per mole.
我是在整个价电子的集合上作平均,最后得到1。91兆焦每摩尔。
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This means in order to do that we actually have to put 7 kilojoules per mole of energy into the reaction to make it happen.
这意味为了完成上面的反应,我们不得不往里面注入,7，千焦每摩尔的能量。
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And the prefactor is 96.3 3 when you want to get a result in kilojoules per mole.
当使用千焦每摩表示键能3,时前因子为96。
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And this turns out to have a bond strength of 435 kilojoules per mole.
这证明有每摩尔435焦的,的共价能。
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It only has a dissociation energy of . 1 kilojoules per mole.
它的离解能只有0。01千焦每摩尔。
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Essentially we're not going to see this, it's 9 kilojoules per mole.
本质上我们不会看到它，它等于9千焦每摩尔。
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It is 569 kilojoules per mole.
它是每摩尔569焦。
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So, let's compare this to the energy of the h 2 molecule, and we find that that's negative 3,048 kilojoules per mole.
那么，让我们将它与氢分子的能量比一比，我们发现氢分子的能量是负的，3048，千焦每摩尔。
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And the change in energy for this reaction is negative 349 kilojoules per mole.
然后得到这个过程的能量变化为,负的，349，千焦每摩尔。
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And, one other thing that I failed to point out, if you take a look at the energies associated with the outermost electrons, in this case, lithium, you see it's 0.5 megajoules per mole, and then what's the 6.26?
还有另外一点我忘记提到的是，如果你观察离最外层,的电子的能量，在这种情况，对于锂，你可以得到，它是每摩尔0。5兆焦，那么6。26是什么呢？
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Just to give you a sense of what that means, if the 264 figure is pure covalency and the 344 is partial ionic character, what fraction of the 608 is 344? 344, which is partial ionic character, 57% divided by 608 times 100 is 57%.
它只是给你一个这样的概念，264千焦每摩是完全共价成分的键能,而344是离子成分的，344除以608是多少，344，是不完全的离子特性，除以608乘以100得到。
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So for b 2, which is a single bond, that's 289 kilojoules per mole to break it, and it takes us more energy to break this double bond for carbon, which is 599 kilojoules per mole.
对于B2，它是单键，需要289千焦每摩尔来打破它，而对于碳双键,打破它要更多的能量，等于599千焦每摩尔。
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