Also, if your patron wanted to run for a city office, your patron would expect you to be loyal and vote for him.
作为回报,如果庇护人要竞选官职,就会要求你投他一票。
so he appointed somebody to run for the office, and she won.
他指定了一个人参加竞选,结果她赢了。
From the standpoint of politics for instance, if you want loyal people in a political campaign, do not pay them.
比如,从政治学的观点来看,如果你想在竞选中让手下对自己忠心,那就别给他们报酬。
Why can't you take to the Hustings, persuade your fellow citizens that taxation is unjust and try to get a majority?
你何不去参加竞选,劝说你的同胞,收税不公正的,并争取到大多数人的支持呢?
There was campaign literature, pamphlets and so on.
同学还准备了竞选刊物、小册子等等。
So I think a lot of people if you go back today and you look at tapes of the Kennedy Nixon Election in 1960 some American help me out here, '60 right?
我想如果你们今天回家去看,肯尼迪和尼克松1960年竞选的录像,美国学生帮我确认一下,是60年吧
This also applies to elections we just had a primary yesterday.
竞选"也是这个道理,昨天初选刚刚结束
If you are a political--If you are running for office, you will tend to have volunteers and not necessarily pay people.
如果你要竞选政府职位,你往往会招一些志愿者,不用付他们钱的人。
Suppose the individual right to religious liberty were at stake, then, Alex, you could say, on the Hustings.
假设个人信仰自由的权利,岌岌可危,那么,亚历克斯,你在竞选时可以说。
If you don't pay people, they are more committed to the cause.
如果你不付钱给这些人,他们就对竞选更加投入。
So again, let's think of an example here, a couple of examples, in the Bush Gore election, we saw President Bush, candidate Bush as was, saying "I'm not a right wing candidate, I'm a compassionate conservative."
接下来我们再来分析一个案例,就是布什跟戈尔竞选总统的案例,我们都知道总统布什,那时候应该还是总统候选人布什,说他自己不是激进派,他是个有同情心的保守派
Each of you, who is above 18 and is an American citizen, and was born in America above whatever it is, whatever the rule is, whatever the Constitution says), each of you can potentially stand up now and say you're going to run for president.
你们中每一个到了18岁的美国公民,并生在美国,大于不论几岁,不论规定是多少,不论宪法怎么规定,你们都可以站出来,参加总统竞选
He still incurred -C because he ran and he also has a cost of |x-y| because he doesn't like Mr. Y winning.
他同样有-C的收益因为他参加了竞选,且他还有|x-y|的成本,因为他不喜欢Y先生获胜
So this is a subtle thing because you think about the current election, there's a debate about whether Hilary Clinton, for example, can choose right now to be at the center of the democratic party given her past history of votes, for example, on the Iraq War.
这是个微妙的事情,因为你联想到现在的选举,举个例子,关于希拉里·克林顿能否选择,作为民主党竞选中间派参选就颇有争议,考虑到她的参选记录,例如在伊拉克战争中
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