When we have an isolated system, the criterion that determineswhether something happens spontaneously is the entropy has to increase.

对于孤立系统,决定一个过程是否自发发生的判据为：,熵必须增加。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

The equilibrium state is the one, and it's just one, in which there are no spontaneous changes that can take place to any other state.

平衡态是一个，而且仅仅是一个态，这个态不会发生自发变化,变成其他的态。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

this happens spontaneously, you actually get energy out of the reaction as this happens.

这是自发的，当反应发生的时候,你会自发地放出能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So we now have a real usable criterion to help guide our understanding of whether things happen by themselves of their own accord or not.

所以我们找到了一个非常有用的判据,这个判据能够指导我们,弄明白变化是否,是自发发生的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Here is what we calculate to tell whether it happens spontaneously.

这就是我们所需要计算的物理量,它能够告诉我们变化是否会自发发生。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选