理想气体温标它有精确的定义，并能引出绝对零度的概念。
The temperature scale that turns out to be well—defined and ends up giving us the concept of an absolute zero is the ideal gas thermometer.
现在有，现在我要用理想气体定律。
Ln and now I've got log of PI over p, and I'm just going to use the ideal gas law.
理想气体，可以用NkT替代。
And it's an ideal gas, pV so I'm going to replace pV by NkT.
理想气体，我们将会，讨论理想液体。
An ideal gas, and we're going to be talking about ideal solutions.
平衡态理想气体的平衡态。
等于对于理想气体一巴时的,化学势加上。
That it's equal to the chemical potential RTlogp at one bar for an ideal gas plus RT log p.
我们具体地指定一个卡诺循环，这是理想气体。
And now we're going to specify, we're going to do a Carnot cycle for an ideal gas.
对理想气体，等温过程最简单，因为能量不变。
PROFESSOR BAWENDI: so, for an ideal gas, the isothermal is the easy one because the energy doesn't change.
所以对于理想气体,偏H偏p在恒温下，等于。
So for an ideal gas then, dH/dp under 0 constant temperature, that has to be equal to zero.
根据它可以用理想气体实现热力学温标。
According to it thermodynamic temperature scale can be realized.
我们会发现，你们也会发现，理想气体的焦耳系数是零。
And we saw that, you saw that the Joule coefficient for an ideal gas was zero.
气体必须出现在相变中，因为这里出现了理想气体近似。
You have to have a gas in there because of the ideal gas for the approximation that goes in here.
所以我们可以在这里不保留这个，而是代入理想气体方程。
V So we can, instead of having the volume of the gas here, we can use the ideal gas law.
如果温度是常数,能量就没有变化，对理想气体。
It only cares what temperature is. If temperature is constant, there's no change in energy.
我们回到经常使用的理想气体模型,或者说状态方程。
So let's take our one model that we keep going back to Equation of state, and just see how it works.
对理想气体，焦耳-汤姆逊膨胀过程中温度如何变化？
What happened to the temperature in a Joule expansion in ideal gas?
如果这是一个理想气体系统，我们知道压强等于nRT除以体积。
Now, if this is an ideal gas, we know that pressure is equal to nRT over volume.
理想液体中的分子，理想溶液，与理想气体中分子没有太大的不同。
And molecules in an ideal solution, an ideal solvent, are not very different than molecules in an ideal gas.
这很容易想象，首先学习理想气体，但是利用到，溶液上也是一样的。
It's easier to think about it, to learn first in terms of the ideal gas, but it applies equally well to what you're more likely to use.
考虑一个不同的状态方程，这状态方程不像理想气体状态方程那么简单。
Let's try it with a different equation of state, that isn't quite as simple as the ideal gas case.
本文依据热力学原理，重新审议了理想气体的化学平衡常数。
According to thermodynamic principle, this thesis reconsiders the equilibrium constant of ideal gas reaction.
比如说理想气体膨胀时的，不是热力学的角度来计算它，现在从统计力学。
For instance, if you look at an expansion of an ideal gas, Not based on thermodynamics, ut based on the statistical mechanics.
在更高的温度区内，状态方程越来越接近于“理想气体”定律。
At higher temperatures the equation of state becomes better and better approximated by the "perfect gas" law.
顺便说一下，它很简便，因为它看起来就像理想气体，混合物中化学势的表达式。
By the way, it's convenient because it looks just like the chemical potential in a mixture of ideal gases.
给出了一种计算理想气体循环效率的方法，并对椭圆循环效率做了具体计算。
A method for calculating circulation efficiency of ideal gas is provided, and it is used for ellipse circulation.
理想气体常数不变，温度也不变，因此,是负的nRT，积分从v1到v2，dv除以。
The ideal gas constant doesn't change, temperature doesn't change, and so v we just have minus nRT integral V1, V2, dV over V.
这就是对理想气体的，绝热压缩，---我们把空气近似作为理想气体处理。
You've just done an adiabatic compression of the ideal gas, you can pretend there is an ideal gas.
文章给出了求解理想气体任意过程温度最值的一种普遍方法，并且举例加以说明。
With some practical examples, this paper presents a general method to determine the extreme value of ideal gas temperature in arbitrarily process.
对理想气体它是零,这点我们接下来会知道是,为什么，这与为什么我们叫它理想气体有关。
This quantity is exactly zero for an ideal gas and we'll discover why eventually it has to do with what we mean by an ideal gas it turns out.
实际气体不同于理想气体。但在许多条件下，实际气体的行为与理想气体的行为相似。
The real gases are different from the ideal gas. But the behavior of real gases resembles that of the ideal gas under many conditions.
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