Since Chile introduced a fully funded, privately managed defined contribution scheme in 1981, some two dozens countries have converted a portion of their pension system to this arrangement.
自从智利在1981年引进了全基金式的、由私营部门管理的固定缴费方案之后，二十多个国家已经把它们的部分养老金方案转变为这种方案。
The following is the core of the article, which analyzes the accounting method of defined benefit enterprise annuity and defined contribution enterprise annuity on basis of western experience.
本文的核心部分是在企业年金会计理论的指导下，借鉴国外企业年金会计准则的研究成果，探讨设定提存制和设定受益制计划下的企业年金会计处理与报告；
Because the cost of such schemes is high, new employees are usually offered defined-contribution (DC) schemes, in which employer contributions are lower and retirement income varies with the markets.
因为这些计划的成本很高，新员工通常适用于固定缴款计划，这种计划雇主缴款较低且退休收入随着市场变化。
Over the past ten years global assets in DB plans have grown by just 2.9% a year, whereas those in defined-contribution plans have increased by 7.5%, according to a Towers Watson study.
据塔沃森的一项研究，过去十年，养老金固定收益计划的全球资产每年仅增长2.9%，而养老金固定缴款计划的全球资产每年增长了7.5%。
They would also have hybrid plans, with part of the traditional defined-benefit pension replaced by a defined-contribution plan of the sort common in the private sector.
他们同时采取复合计划，即把部分传统的确定给付养老金形式替换为私营部门常见的养老金固定缴款计划。
These same issues apply to those on private and defined-contribution pensions.
相同的问题同样出现在私有部门和采取养老金的固定缴款计划的公司。
Michigan closed its defined-benefit scheme to entrants back in 1997 and Alaska moved to a defined-contribution plan for new staff in 2006.
密歇根州在1997年就不再对新员工实行养老金固定收益计划，阿拉斯加州于2006年实行了对新员工的养老金固定缴款计划。
Offered within 401 (k) s and other defined-contribution retirement plans, these products aim to shield investors from market downdrafts and deliver modest returns.
这些产品包括在401 (k)计划和其他固定缴款退休计划中，意在帮助投资者防范市场下滑，提供较小规模的回报。
Sixty-five should be a minimum age for retirement for people who spend their lives in classrooms and offices; and new civil servants should be switched to defined-contribution pensions.
对于那些一辈子都待在教室和办公室里的工作人员，65岁应该是他们的最低退休年龄；新的公务员应该转轨到养老金固定缴款制度。
Amazon discovered early on the value of community-defined content (this is, in fact, still its true — and largely unrecognized — contribution, not "recommendations").
亚马逊早期就发现了由社区定义的内容的价值(这实际上仍然是其真正的，——基本上未得到承认—的贡献，而不是“推荐系统”)。
Public-sector pensions for new employees must become defined-contribution plans, as in the private sector.
对于公共部门的新员工来说，必须和私营部门的员工一样，实行固定养老金缴纳计划。
In 2006, according to the CRR, over 60% of private workers with a retirement plan relied on a defined-contribution scheme such as a 401 (k) account.
根据退休研究中心的研究，2006年，参与退休金计划的私营企业工人超过60%依靠的是确定提拨计划，比如401k帐户[1]。
The effect would be a bit like changing from a defined-benefit pension to a defined-contribution one.
这样的效果有点像退休金从“确定收益”方案向“确定缴费”方案转变。 开支的节省由此而来——因为这一资助并不像如今的那样包罗万象。
But the replacement of DB schemes with defined-contribution (DC) plans hurts employees.
但是作为替代方案的固定缴款养老金计划(DC)却损害雇员利益。
By analyzing the origin and feature of outliers, a concept of exceptional contribution degree is defined and then an algorithm for re-clustering outliers based on feature weighting is proposed.
通过对离群数据来源及特性进行分析，定义了离群贡献度的概念，提出了一种基于特征赋权的离群数据再聚类算法。
The median household approaching retirement in a defined-contribution scheme has a pot of just $111,000.
参加固定缴款计划且即将退休的家庭中位数仅有11.1万美元的养老金。
One person company is defined as the company whose share or contribution all belongs to one single shareholder.
一人公司是指公司的股份或出资全部归属于单一股东的公司。
One person company is defined as the company whose share or contribution all belongs to one single shareholder.
一人公司是指公司的股份或出资全部归属于单一股东的公司。
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