Without a reference, you copy the entire array or hash onto the function call stack, and then copy it again in the function.
如果不使用引用，就需要将整个数组或hash 表复制到该函数的调用栈中，然后在函数中再次对其进行复制。
Remember that when a program makes a function call (especially for recursive ones), it has to store its return address and local variables on the stack.
记住当程序进行函数调用（特别是针对递归函数）时，它必须在堆栈上存储返回地址和本地变量。
Every time a function is called, a new stack frame (an area of memory inside the stack) is used to support the call.
每当调用一个函数，就会使用一个新的堆栈帧来支持该调用。
Well, if you want to call a function, it's like putting another tray on that stack of trays and that tray represents a chunk of memory that, that function can use.
嗯，如果你想调用一个函数，这就像把一个托盘放到另一个托盘上,托盘代表一块，函数可以使用的内存。
The last call (the tail) simply invokes the function without any procedure call or stack maintenance overhead.
最后的调用（尾（tail））只是调用函数，没有任何过程调用或栈维护开销。
To find out the call stack for the malloc call, stktrace probe function can be called in the previous script.
要想查看malloc调用的调用堆栈，可以在前面的脚本中调用stktrace探测函数。
When each of the other elements are parsed, you pop the Employee object off the stack, call the relevant set function, and push the object back on to the stack.
每当其他元素被解析时，您将这个Employee对象弹出Stack，调用相关的set函数，然后将该对象推回Stack。
If the string is being passed to the integer function, you'll see this in the call stack.
如果字符串传递到整数的函数，你会看到调用堆栈中的这一点。
For example, the print_report_i function described earlier compiled with tail-call optimization using -O2 on GCC 3.4 and therefore runs with a stack-size that is constant, not growing linearly.
例如，前面描述的 print_report_i函数在GCC 3.4 中使用-O2 进行尾部调用优化编译，因此运行时使用的栈的大小是固定的，而不是线性增长的。
The stack is used during a function call to store local arguments. But in the function, the stack pointer may change because values are stored on the stack.
堆栈常常在函数调用中用于存储本地参数，但在函数中，由于存储在堆栈中的值使得堆栈指针的值常常会发生变化。
For a module, the time in which at least one function in the module was on the call stack.
对于模块，为模块中的至少一个函数位于调用堆栈上的时间。
For a module, the period of time in which at least one function in the module was on the call stack, excluding time that was spent in calls to the operating system.
对于模块，为模块中的至少一个函数位于调用堆栈上的时间段，其中不包括对操作系统的调用所用的时间。
For each function on the call stack when the interval was recorded, the profiler analysis adds the interval to one or more of four data values for the function.
对于调用堆栈上的每个函数，当记录间隔时，探查器分析都会向该函数的四个数据值中的一个或多个添加此间隔。
Application exclusive values indicate the time that a function was directly executing at the top of the call stack.
应用程序独占时间值是函数在调用堆栈顶部直接执行的时间。
In Section 3.9, we used a stack diagram to represent the state of a program during a function call.
在本书的第三章第九节，我们用栈图来表征函数调用过程中程序的状态。
Call stack window to work your way back up the call stack, looking for corrupted data being passed as a parameter to a function.
“调用堆栈”窗口反向沿调用堆栈进行调试，查找作为参数传递给函数的已损坏数据。
Function names for frames on the call stack, which might be wrong if the optimizer merges two functions.
调用堆栈上框架的函数名称(如果优化器合并两个函数，则函数名称可能是错误的)。
Stack frame: Each time a program performs a function call, the information about where in your program the call was made from is saved in a block of data called a stack frame, or frame for short.
栈帧：每次程序执行一次函数调用的时候，程序何处调用的相关信息被保存在一块称为栈帧的数据中，栈帧也常简称为帧。
Edit and Continue cannot update a function on the call stack because code changes either removed a variable that requires construction or destruction or changed the variable's data type.
“编辑并继续”无法更新调用堆栈上的函数，因为代码更改或者移除了要求构造或析构的变量，或者更改了变量的数据类型。
Elapsed inclusive values indicate the time on the call stack of those instances of the function that were called by the parent function in the call tree.
“已用非独占”值指示调用树中父函数所调用的那些函数实例在调用堆栈上的时间。
Application inclusive values indicate the time that instances of a function that were called by the parent function in the call tree were on the call stack.
“应用程序非独占”值指示调用树中父函数所调用的函数实例在调用堆栈上的时间。
All local variables are on the stack, and that part of the stack is reclaimed when a function returns, and will be reused for the next function call.
所有局部变量在堆栈，堆栈的一部分回收当函数返回时，并将在接下来的函数调用中重用。
The resulting data provides a count of how frequently the function in question was on top of the call stack when the process was sampled.
产生的资料会提供计数，表示在取样处理序时，有问题的函式位于呼叫堆叠顶端的频率。
Elapsed inclusive values indicate the time that a function was on the call stack.
应用程序独占值指示该函数所用的时间。
Call stack window, you can view the function or procedure calls that are currently on the stack.
呼叫堆叠视窗来检视目前堆叠上的函式或程序呼叫。
Elapsed exclusive values indicate the time that a function was directly executing at the top of the call stack.
应用程序独占值指示该模块或函数所用的时间，不包括子函数所用的时间。
Elapsed exclusive values indicate the time that a function was directly executing at the top of the call stack.
应用程序独占值指示该模块或函数所用的时间，不包括子函数所用的时间。
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