The nitrogen atoms of amines have what chemists call a lone pair of electrons, and it is this which attaches each amine molecule to the nanotube.
胺上的氮原子存在着一种电子对，化学家们管这叫孤对电子（译者：嘿嘿~高中知识竟然还未忘记），而正是这些孤对电子把胺分子牢牢绑在纳米管上。
So, if we want to figure out the formal charge on the carbon, we need to take the number of valence electrons, so that's 4. We need to subtract the lone pair, what number is that? It's 2.
如果我们想算出碳原子的形式电荷，我们需要将价电子的个数，也就是四，减去孤对电子的个数，它是多少？是二。
Yeah, so also 4. We started with 10 valence electrons, we used up 6 of those as bonding electrons, so we have 4 left, which will be lone pair electrons.
对，也是四个，我们从十个价电子开始，只用了六个来成键，因此我们还剩下四个，它们将成为孤对电子。
In this paper, importance of the lone pair electrons in molecular structure and chemical reaction is expounded by effect of the lone pair electrons.
本文通过对孤对电子效应的研究来阐明孤对电子在分子结构和化学反应上的重要性。
The effect of lone-pair electrons on bonding in defect states is also discussed and it is shown that they play a significant role in chalcogenide glasses.
探讨了孤对电子对于缺陷态化学键的影响，证实了孤对电子在硫属玻璃中的重要作用。
The effect of lone-pair electrons on bonding in defect states is also discussed and it is shown that they play a significant role in chalcogenide glasses.
探讨了孤对电子对于缺陷态化学键的影响，证实了孤对电子在硫属玻璃中的重要作用。
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