The issue of upper vs whole mantle convection is critically discussed.
最后，着重讨论了上地幔与全地幔对流的论争。
Plume tectonic is a new global tectonic theory that was proposed based on whole mantle convection and hotspot volcanisms.
地幔柱构造是基于全地幔对流模式、主要依据热点火山活动提出的新的全球构造理论。
Simple models, no matter whole mantle convection model, or layered mantle convection model, cannot explain all the observations.
无论是简单的全地幔对流模型或分层地幔对流模型，都不能完全解释全部观测事实。
Seismological and geodynamical evidences supported whole mantle convection model, while geochemical ones supported layered convection model.
地震学、地球动力学研究倾向于全地幔对流模型；地球化学研究则支持分层地幔对流。
Seismological and geodynamical evidences supported whole mantle convection model, while geochemical ones supported layered convection model.
地震学、地球动力学研究倾向于全地幔对流模型；地球化学研究则支持分层地幔对流。
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