Thorns, like those found on the Hawthorn tree, are modified branches that project from the stem and branches of a woody plant.
刺，例如山楂树上的刺，实际上是一种改良的分枝，它会从木本植物的茎和分枝中生长出来。
The outermost layers of a woody stem including all of the living and nonliving tissues external to the cambium.
木质茎的最外层，包括形成层以外全部活的和死的组织。
The outermost layers of a woody stem including all of the living and nonliving tissues external to the cambium.
木质茎的最外层，包括形成层以外全部活的和死的组织。
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