This was a retrospective study of measles cases and deaths in Nepal.

这是一项针对尼泊尔麻疹病例和死亡人数的回顾性研究。

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Study Design. A retrospective study on patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP).

研究设计：对非特异性腰痛患者的回顾性研究。

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Study Design. A retrospective study of patients undergoing palliative surgery for metastatic spinal tumors.

研究设计：回顾性研究接受姑息手术的转移性脊柱肿瘤的患者。

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For one, the groups noted the analysis is a retrospective study, not a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial, which many regard as a gold standard for ferreting out safety concerns.

FORBES: The Confusion Over A Pair Of Diabetes Drugs And Pancreatitis

First, it is a retrospective case-control study and is therefore susceptible to reporting bias, meaning that people with ALS may report their coffee consumption differently from controls.

FORBES: Does Coffee Drinking Really Protect Against Devastating Diseases?

The current recommendation of 3 months of warfarin treatment after bioprosthetic AVR surgery is primarily based on results from 1 retrospective study with a limited number of events.

FORBES: Longer Warfarin Therapy After Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement May Be Beneficial