[2] Vincent v. Lake Erie Transport was a superb decision, for there the court was careful to investigate the causal agent at work—in this case, the boat, which clearly slammed against the dock.

【注2】文森特诉伊利湖运输公司案是一个极好的判决，因为法院仔细调查了真正的肇因，此案中显然是船猛撞了船坞。

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Holmes crossed two compatible races of ceratocystis ulmi, the causal agent of Dutch elm disease.

霍姆斯曾把荷兰榆病害的致病因子，长喙壳的两个亲和小种杂交。

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Dual infections are common, and all possible causes should be excluded before accepting that the first virus identified is the causal agent.

双重感染很常见，在接受第一种确定的病毒为病原体之前应该排除所有的可能原因。

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