Their invention could be used to make a sparkling substitute for paint, banknotes that are hard to counterfeit and chemical sensors that can act as visible sell-by dates.

他们的发明可能被用于替代油漆以获得更闪亮的色彩，以及制造难以伪造的纸钞，还可利用其化学感应特性制作可见的最迟销售日期。

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Widely used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food, chemical, and other fields, is the best substitute of similar foreign products.

广泛应用于日化、制药、食品、化工等多个领域，是国外同类产品的最佳替代产品。

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These techniques substitute labor and other inputs for chemical inputs.

这些技术以人力及其他投入替代了化学投入。

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This was an easy thing to do, as chemical giant DuPont was eager to replace its patent-expired CFC Freon, once it patented a substitute hydroclorflourocarbon.

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