As with debt financing, additional equity often comes fromnon-professional investors such as friends, relatives, employees, customers, or industry colleagues.

因为债务的原因，那些增加的股份往往被一些不专业的人士占有着，比如朋友、亲戚、雇员、客户或者行业联盟之类的。

youdao

To date debt financing for infrastructure projects has largely been confined to commercial Banks.

目前，商业银行承担着面向基建工程的大部分借贷业务。

youdao

However, there is a very important and determinant precondition hiding behind these conclusions: that is the existence of perfect and mature mechanism of debt financing governance.

然而，这些结论背后却隐藏着一个非常重要和关键的前提：存在完善和成熟的负债治理机制。

youdao

REITs are less likely to suffer financial distress because they rely much less on debt-financing, with its onerous obligations to pay interest.

ECONOMIST: American property

For some time now, demand for houses has been artificially boosted by federal and state tax policies, rising governmental involvement in residential-debt financing, and persistently low interest rates orchestrated by the Federal Reserve.

FORBES: How Is Federal Housing Policy Populist When Prices Are Rising?

More restrictive fiscal paths are being proposed in order to avoid rapidly rising government debt-to-GDP ratios and the financing challenges they may entail, including the possibility of default for nations without sovereign currencies.

FORBES: Ugly Choices Ahead For Central Bankers: Will The Yen Drop 50%?