Because XML's direct predecessor SGML has been in use since the 1980s, there is more than 20 years of experience and tools for working with XML.

由于XML的始祖sgml从20世纪80年代起就开始使用，因此在处理XML方面有超过20年的经验和工具。

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Laden with four tons of Portuguese gold, the pride of the British navy - and direct predecessor to Admiral Nelson's vessel of the same name - sank with all 1, 150 of its crew.

胜利号与她的继任——海军上将尼尔森的舰只同名，满载着四吨葡萄牙黄金和不列颠海军的骄傲，与她的1150名船员一同沉入大海。

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His spokesman, Father Federico Lombardi, also has responsibility for the Vatican’s radio and television services—and, unlike his predecessor in the office, does not have direct access to the pope.

他的发言人Federico Lombrdi神父，也负责梵蒂冈的广播和电视服务，和他前任不同，他能直接觐见教皇。

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Mr Trimble said it was too early to tell what had caused the outbreak in a direct reference to a suggestion from Mr Campbell's predecessor as regional development minister that it had been caused by a human rather than an animal.

BBC: Water all-clear in 'weeks'

And he announced that regional governors would be appointed by him, rather than through direct elections, in an attempt to wrest back powers ceded by his predecessor, Boris Yeltsin.

ECONOMIST: Caucasian dominoes | The