同时，高速交流传动机车广泛采用高开关频率器件的脉宽调制（PWM）逆变器，使得逆变器输出脉冲具有陡上升沿。
Meanwhile, PWM inverters using high switching frequency device that shortens the rise time of PWM output pulse have been widely applied in high-speed AC driving locomotive.
通过控制激光通过声光窗口的光束大小来约束声光开关的上升沿时间，以此判断对输出光脉冲的形状的影响。
The characteristics of Q-switched pulses with different rise time of AOM regulated by the laser beam size along the window of AOM are presented.
然而，逆变器输出的PWM(脉冲宽度调制)连续高压脉冲的上升沿很陡、频率很高，导致在脉冲电压下牵引电机绝缘过早失效。
However, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) which was input from inverter is characterized by steep rising edge and high frequency, resulting in the too early failure of motor insulation.
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