必然论(doctrine of neeessity)是指西方哲学关于必然性的理论。古希腊哲学家对必然这个哲学范畴有不同的解释。古希腊巴门尼德把必然理解为支配万物的那种力量,认为天是由于必然性产生出来,并受到必然性的支配。德漠克里特“注重必然性”,最早对必然作出唯物主义机械论的解释,认为万物的本原是原子(存在)和虚空(非存在),原子在整个宇宙中由于一种涡漩运动而永恒运动着,”一切都遵循必然性而产生”。但他排除了偶然性,错误地否定了偶然性的客观性,势必导致宿命论。
adj. necessarian
1978年,在经典著作《论人性》一书中,威尔逊将人类的理智描述为用于生存和繁衍的工具,和其他各式各样的生存技艺一样,其存在必然有它的合理性。
In his 1978 classic on human Nature, Wilson describes the human mind as a device for survival and reproduction, with reason as just one of its various techniques.
道金斯先生可谓当代的达尔文卫道者,他坚定地捍卫进化论,以及在他看来必然与进化论相伴的无神论。
Mr Dawkins, his modern champion, has been dubbed his rottweiler, a reflection of his uncompromising defence of both evolutionary theory and the atheism he thinks is a necessary consequence of it.
一旦经济开始疲软,流行的对自由市场的怀疑论必然日渐增长。
As economies weaken, popular scepticism of open markets will surely grow.
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