石油公司使用的分散剂在接近冰点的温度下效果不佳，用于防止溢油扩散的栏油栅面对漂浮的冰山也无能为力。

Dispersants used by oil companies do not work well at or near freezing temperatures. Booms to contain a spill cannot be used with icebergs floating in the water.

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使用分散剂会降低石油直接与鸟，鱼，海洋生物以及岸上的所有东西的直接接触，但在某种情况下，会增加海床上生物的风险。

The use of dispersants reduces the chances of direct exposure to oil by birds, fish, sea animals and everything ashore, but it may increase the risks for things on the sea floor in some circumstances.

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当把分散剂喷洒在光滑的石油上时，它们会促进原油的分解，形成能广泛分散的微小球状物，能被细菌分解。

When applied to a slick of oil they are meant to break it up into tiny droplets which disperse widely and are broken down by bacteria.

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