属链球菌属。革兰阳性球菌，呈矛头状或圆形，较葡萄球菌和链球菌略大，常成双排列，故又名肺炎链球菌。在痰和脓液中常呈短链。无鞭毛和芽胞，有毒株在体内形成荚膜。人工培养后荚膜逐渐消失。肺炎球菌具有多种抗原成分。菌体的多糖抗原为各型肺炎球菌所共有，具有种属的特异性。
n. pneumococcus
misc. pneumonococcus ; Fraenkel's diplococcus
...Mycobacterium tuberculosis(结核分枝杆菌) Bacillus thuringiensis(苏云金芽孢杆菌) Streptococcus pneumoniae(肺炎球菌) Saccharomyces cerevisiae(酿酒酵母) Haemophilus influenzae(流感嗜血杆菌) 国际系统与进化微生物学杂志 （Internationa...
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肺炎球菌病是感染肺炎链球菌引起的。
Pneumococcal disease is caused by infection with the Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium.
严重肺炎球菌性肺炎仍然发生，甚至在青年到中年人中(并非小儿和老年人)发生，死亡率为20%。
Severe pneumococcal pneumonia still occurs, even in young to middle aged persons (not just the very young and the very old) and has a mortality rate of 20%!
1967年报道了首例对青霉素相对不敏感的肺炎球菌，到1981多例多药耐药性肺炎球菌被报道。
In 1967 there were the first report of pneumococci that were relatively insensitive to penicillin and by 1981, there were cases of multiple drug resistance.
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