违反之诉（violation case）：是指一成员方针对另一成员的违法行为向争端解决机制提出的诉讼。违法行为包括两种类型：1、不履行在WTO各协定项下的义务，2、采取了违反WTO规则的措施。
第一章为WTO争端解决机制违反之诉举证责任之规则分析。
Chapter 1 concerns analysis of rules of burden of proof in the context of violation complaints under WTO dispute settlement mechanism.
WTO成立之后，GATT1994中保留了对不违反之诉的规定，《关于争端解决规则与谅解的程序》又对其做了进一步的规定。
After the establishment of WTO, GATT1994 keeps the provision of Non-Violation Complaints and specifies it in Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes.
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