While it sounds like an oxymoron, altruistic punishment is basically how social norms get enforced.

这个术语听起来有点自相矛盾，但正因为有利他惩罚，社会规范才得以巩固。

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Many evolutionary psychologists believe, however, that without altruistic punishment, cooperation could not have evolved.

然而许多进化心理学家相信，如果利他惩罚现象不存在，人类合作也不可能产生。

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Researchers found a connection between impulsiveness and altruistic punishment, suggesting that the phenomenon is more the result of emotion (like sidewalk rage) than reason.

研究者发现了冲动与利他惩罚行为之间存在关联，表明这种现象更多出于情绪（譬如人行道躁狂），而非出于理性思考而产生。

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