Cooperative learning is a kind of teaching theory and tactics system which are full of originality and actual effect.

合作学习是一种富有创意和实效的教学理论与策略体系。

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This paper introduces the composing, function, debugging steps and actual effect of the computer control system in detail.

论文详细地介绍了该计算机控制系统的组成、功能、调试步骤和实际效果。

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In order to achieve these aims, we should energetically carry out moral education and strengthen the pertinence and actual effect of education.

为达到这样的目标，就必须大力开展道德教育，分类施教，增强教育的针对性和实效性。

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My best guess would be that their calculation gives us an upper bound and the actual effect will be above zero but lower than their number.

FORBES: Links 11 Sept: Apple's iPhone 5 Could Add Half A Percent to US GDP

They rarely take physical delivery of raw materials and have no effect on the actual production and consumption of metal, grain or oil.

ECONOMIST: Commodity speculators do more good than harm

The Federal Reserve recently announced planned changes that will close certain loopholes within the new credit card law (CARD Act), increasing its comprehensive enforceability and more closely reconciling its actual effect with its intended purpose.

FORBES: Fed Closes Credit Card Act Loopholes