Estimation of GM (1, 1) model parameter usually adopts the least square criterion, but test of model precision often USES average relative error criterion.

估计GM(1,1)模型中的参数通常采用最小二乘准则，而在模型精度检验时又常采用平均相对误差。

youdao

Firstly, an average performance index containing tracking error and control energy over a class of additive model errors is defined.

首先针对一类相加模型误差的描述，定义了一个平均意义上的包含跟踪误差和控制能量的性能指标。

youdao

The effluent treatment process was predicted with this BP neural network model with the average relative error of 19%, which indicates that the generalization power of the network is not so desirable.

利用BP神经网络模型实现了对造纸废水处理过程的预测，平均相对误差为19%，表明网络泛化能力不是很好。

youdao

The new model does much better, with an average error of 43%.

ECONOMIST: Film economics

For example, using data on searches for trucks and SUVs to predict the monthly sales of motor vehicles reduces the average error by up to 18% compared with the predictions from a model that did not incorporate the search data.

ECONOMIST: Internet search data may be useful for forecasters