abstract:The Baghdad Railway (, , ), was built from 1903 to 1940 to connect Berlin with the (then) Ottoman Empire city of Baghdad, where the Germans wanted to establish a port in the Persian Gulf,McMurray (2001) page 2 with a line through modern-day Turkey, Syria, and Iraq.
That in area (a) the Baghdadrailway shall not be extended southwards beyond Mosul, and in area (b) northwards beyond Samarra, until a railway connecting Baghdad and Aleppo via the Euphrates valley has been completed, and then only with the concurrence of the two governments.
Mendes Junior projects in Iraq included the constructions of the Baghdad-Al Qaim-Akashat railway, the Iraq Expressway Number One (the largest controlled-access highway in the Middle East) and a pumping station on the Euphrates River.