Men had higher concentrations of testosterone and cortisol than did women, both before and after the test.

无论是在测试前还是测试后，男人的睾酮和皮质醇浓度都比女人高。

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Click the Options TAB, and specify the interval of your test, including some time before and after the test.

单击options选项卡，指定测试时间间隔，包含测试之前和之后的一段时间。

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Before and after the test, researchers took saliva samples to measure cortisol and testosterone -two hormones that the study says "are particularly sensitive to psychological and social influences."

在测试开始和结束的时候，研究人员分别取了他们的唾液样本以此来检测皮质醇和——这两个被研究称为是对心理和社会影响最敏感的激素。

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Using saliva samples, Pollak and his colleagues tested the girls' levels of the stress hormone cortisol both before and after the stress test.

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They each had a memory test before and after their neurofeedback session.

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What they did not know was that the plates were weighed before and after their foray into the test room, so the researchers knew to the crumb what the women had consumed.

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