Since 2011, passengers have been able to swipe their ID cards at self-service machines to take the Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway.

自2011年以来，乘客可以在自助机器上刷身份证乘坐京津高铁和京沪高铁。

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Although widely practised throughout China, its performance centres on Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai.

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Once part of Sichuan province, it was carved off in 1997 to become what Beijing calls a provincial-level city, joining Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin in that category.

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The most affected areas will be the provincial-level cities of Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin plus Hebei, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang provinces.

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