内照应又可细分为回指(anaphora)和下指(cataphora),回指是指指示成分的所指对象是在语篇的上文,而下指是指指示成分的参照点在语篇的下文当中。具体的例子将在下文当中涉及到。
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Second, anaphora are much more common than cataphora.
第二,承前回指比蒙后下指多很多。
参考来源 - 《儒林外史》句首零形照应研究The fourth chapter is refer to the same of cataphora.
第四章为预指类指同。
参考来源 - 《孟子》指同表达研究·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
以上来源于: WordNet
N the use of a word such as a pronoun that has the same reference as a word used subsequently in the same discourse 所指; 相同语篇中所指的事物出现在代词之后 [grammar] → compare anaphora
The cause of death are pulmonary infection, electrolyte disturbances, arhythmia, glycopenia or hyperglycaemia cataphora.
死亡原因是肺部感染，电解质紊乱，心律不齐，糖尿或高血糖症。
There is even a dispute on whether there is cataphora.
下指是回指的标记形式；对第三人称下指，学界甚至存在争议。
The second part refers to comparison about the the anaphora and cataphora of Russian and cataphora of Chinese.
第二部分是俄语后向照应与汉语下指的对比。
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