At high concentrations, it can cause significant acute disease with pulmonary edema, whereas chronic exposures at lower concentrations can lead to significant pulmonary fibrosis.

高浓度中，它可导致显著的急性肺水肿，相反慢性暴露在低浓度中可以导致显著的肺纤维化。

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But in conditions such as cystic fibrosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the "brush" fails to work properly, they suggest, becoming squashed and trapping mucus, which then becomes stuck to cells.

BBC: 'Brush' offers clues to fighting lung disease

Professor Danny McAuley from the Centre for Infection and Immunity, a partner in developing the new nanomedicine, said that, if successful, this nanomedicine could also have application in other common lung disorders such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Cystic Fibrosis.

BBC: lungs