Corporate bylaws and maintaining board minutes.

公司章程和保持董事会会议记录。

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The failure to hold an annual meeting at the time stated in or fixed in accordance with a corporation's bylaws does not affect the validity of any corporate action.

如果在公司内部规章细则中规定的或依据公司内部规章细则确定的地点时间没有举行股东的年度会议并不影响任何公司活动的有效性。

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Each share certificate (1) must be signed (either manually or in facsimile) by two officers designated in the bylaws or by the board of directors and (2) may bear the corporate seal or its facsimile.

每一个股票证书(1)必须由公司的内部规章细则或董事会指定的高级职员签署(手签或用摹印签署)(2)可以盖上公司图章或摹印图章。

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This past November the Sandridge board changed corporate bylaws requiring a majority of shares outstanding rather than a simple majority of shares voting to enact a change in corporate governance.

FORBES: Tom Ward Of SandRidge Energy: Another CEO That's Got To Go

If the court rules against Italian Colors, it could open the door to more widespread use of arbitration clauses that ban class actions, possibly even including changes in corporate bylaws to preclude securities class actions.

FORBES: Will An Italian Restaurant End The Class Action As We Know It?

Under the new laws, entrepreneurs can set out their social and environmental objectives in corporate charters and bylaws.

WSJ: Can Firms Aim to Do Good if It Hurts Profit?