In each of these places, a great array of cultural forces, both local and external, lent a unique, often bittersweet texture to daily life, at least when cosmopolitanism was at its height.
三者中的每一处，地方的和外来的各种文化力量都给人们日常生活添加了独特的神韵，期间大多有苦有甜。至少在城市国际化进程到达顶峰时如此。
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