Several factors, such as defects in chromosome segregation and DNA damage response, failure of cell cycle checkpoint, telomere dysfunction, may cause chromosomal instability.
多种细胞机制功能障碍将导致染色体不稳定性，包括染色体分离、DNA损伤反应、细胞周期检查点、端粒功能等。
An important part of the cellular response to DNA damage is checkpoint activation - checkpoint kinases CHK1 and CHK2 phosphorylate key proteins to elicit cell-cycle blocks.
细胞对DNA损伤作出应答的一个重要过程是检查点活化(检查点激酶CHK1和CHK2使关键蛋白磷酸化，从而阻止正常的细胞周期。)
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