Private firms reacted by reducing capital expenditure (by 8-15%) and research and development (by 7-12%); employment and sales growth also suffered.

私有企业的反应是削减资本支出(8 - 15%)及研发费用(7 - 12%)；就业率及销售增长同样受到伤害。

youdao

Expenditure on preparation of the overall development plan of the new town.

新市镇整体开发计画规划费用。

youdao

First of all, the land prices is the biggest developer of development expenditure, accounting for a real estate development costs of about 30%.

首先，土地价格是最大的开发商，开发支出，占房地产开发成本的30 %左右。

youdao

Centrica's 20% share of the pre-development expenditure will be written off as an exceptional cost in the group's 2012 results.

BBC: Centrica pulls out of new UK nuclear projects

Innovation is not driven by high expenditure on research and development, but by the company's insights into consumer habits.

ECONOMIST: Consumer goods: Cleaning up | The

Unlike Toshiba, which pioneered the laptop computer and has learnt to live with the jittery pace of development and capital expenditure of the computer industry, Hitachi still saunters to the 20-year product cycle of heavy-electrical machinery.

ECONOMIST: Hitachi��s snail-like progress