GfK Roper, a consultancy specialising in consumer behaviour, notes that in every recession since 1981 American consumers cut back on going out to eat and play and on holidays.

专门研究消费者行为的市场咨询公司——捷孚凯(Gf K Roper)指出，自1981年以来的每一次经济衰退，美国消费者都削减了外出吃饭、游玩、度假的开支。

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Note: The Associated Press-GfK Poll was conducted April 11-15, 2013 by GfK Roper Public Affairs and Corporate Communications.

NPR: 50 Years On, Finding Profit In 'Truth' On JFK Case

In 2007 and 2008, deep into George Bush's second term, the United States ranked seventh on a list of the world's 50 most-admired countries, according to a survey Mr Anholt conducts with GfK Roper, a market-research firm.

ECONOMIST: America is wooing foreign tourists for the first time