For most problems on exams, those quantities are constant, independent of temperature.

然后对于考试中的大部分问题，这些量都是与温度无关的常数。

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The generator may be made independent of temperature and supply voltage if the detector is clamped with matched zener diodes as shown in Figure 28.

只要按图28那样在阈值检测器中使用性能匹配的稳压二极管，那么这个信号发生器电路就可以做到与温度变化和电源电压变化无关。

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Bandgap reference source is an important unit in integrated circuits, which supplied reference voltage or current independent of temperature and supply voltage.

带隙基准源是集成电路中的重要单元，输出不随温度、电源电压变化的基准电压或电流。

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For most problems on exams, those quantities are constant, independent of temperature.

然后对于考试中的大部分问题，这些量都是与温度无关的常数。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

If those proxies match global temperature measurements, then it would provide independent confirmation of the global warming trend of the past couple of centuries, without being tangled up in some of the difficulties involved in normalizing the measurements.

FORBES: New Study Shows Independent Evidence Of Global Warming

This independent confirmation neatly side-steps some of the controversies around global warming centering on temperature measurements.

FORBES: New Study Shows Independent Evidence Of Global Warming