Sources on the Investiture Controversy and the Early Crusades. The Medieval Record. pp. 311-325, and 340-360

主教叙任权之争与早期十字军运动原始资料，《中世纪文件》，第311-325页与第340-360页。

youdao

The kingdom and church placed over and over emphasis on the power and rights in the investiture controversy, so as to give rise to study the Roman law and to establish the authority of the law.

权力与权利在君权与教权争夺基督教世界最高统治权的斗争中一再地被强调，并因此兴起了对罗马法的研究，确立了法律的权威。

youdao

Small wonder (but wondrous all the same) that the emperor Henry IV stood in the snow on Christmas day 1077 to publicly repent of his acts of oppression against the Church and so began the investiture controversy which eventually broke the back of statism and led to the rise of modern liberty.

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