Since then, huge losses on the Japanese stock market have eaten into Banks' capital and the surging yen is battering corporate profits.

但从那时开始，日本股市的暴跌已经在侵蚀银行的资本金了，而急升的日元也在吞噬企业的利润。

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'They had previously assumed Japanese Banks were relatively safe and didn't have the immediate need to raise capital.

他们之前一直认为，日本银行业相对安全，没有立刻筹集资本的必要。

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Mr Uchida notes that under Basel 2 bank-capital rules there are so-called "outlier criteria" for banks with a heavy exposure to interest-rate risk, such as the Japanese banks.

内田和人强调，新巴塞尔协议中，对于一些面临巨大利率风险的银行，像是日本的银行，有一些所谓的“异量标准”。

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The first is raising capital from foreign investors for cash-strapped Japanese firms. (For example, Japanese banks have issued lots of securities to bolster their depleted capital.) The second is the trickle of privatisations and new issues.

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With capital insufficient to support their assets, Japanese banks have almost stopped lending at home.

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Against this, American banks will complain that some other regulators, notably the Germans and Japanese, are being allowed special treatment that lets their banks set aside less capital for similar risks.

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