A simple blood test can then determine which of the new-born offspring have the high-protein version of the gene, enabling farmers to pick out the 'stars' - for both milk production and siring.

简单的血液测试就能够辨别出哪头出生的牛犊含有这种高蛋白基因，使奶农们能够容易地挑选出这些“明星”——不论是在产奶还是配种方面。

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One example of a way people have used this, is that they've taken the gene that ordinarily produces a milk protein.

利用这种方式的一个例子就是,他们把原本产羊奶蛋白的基因剔除

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They put a gene like the insulin gene in place of the milk protein, but behind the promoter that is used to produce milk proteins.

人们将产羊奶蛋白的基因,换成了胰岛素基因,在启动子后面的基因,原本是编码羊奶蛋白的

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In this case the promoter, which is a sequence of DNA that is positioned right in front of the gene of interest, the promoter is the betagalactoglobulin promoter in this case, and betagalactoglobulin is a milk protein.

这里涉及到的启动子,也是一段DNA序列,它必须刚好位于目的基因序列前端,我们用到的是β-乳球蛋白启动子,β-乳球蛋白是乳汁中的一种蛋白

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