我们可以通过使用互斥锁（Mutex Lock）来消除POSIX线程所存在的线程冲突。Mutex（互斥的简写）是POSIX所提供的两种线程同步方法之一（另外一种方法是条件变量，它将在下...
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Mutex lock mechanism 互斥锁机制
mutex lock ordering rule 互斥锁加锁顺序规则
Mutex Lock and Reentrant Lock 互斥锁和可重入锁
The calls act as a warning to other threads to go to sleep and wait their turn for the mutex lock.
这两个函数调用的作用就是警告其它线程，要它们继续睡眠并等待轮到它们对互斥对象加锁。
While still holding the mutex lock, our thread will call pthread_cond_wait(&mycond,&mymutex).
锁定互斥对象时，线程将调用 pthread_cond_wait(&mycond,&mymutex)。
Doing so awakens all the reader threads that were waiting on the condition variable _cond; the reader threads now implicitly compete for the mutex lock as and when it is released.
这么做会唤醒所有等待条件变量_ cond的读线程；读线程现在隐式地争夺互斥锁。
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