This concept of decided cases as a source of law is often referred to as the common law system, which must be contrasted with the civil law system developed in continental Europe.

把已判决的案例作为法的一个渊源，这种概念常被称为普通法系，它有别于大陆欧洲的在陆法系。

youdao

The law applicable, to find a legal issue on the settlement of law, not merely just to find a place to be looking for the relevant provisions of the often points at different parts of the Civil Code.

在法律适用时，要寻找关于解决某一法律问题的法律规定，不能仅仅只查找一个地方，所要寻找的有关规定，往往分处于民法典的不同地方。

youdao

Lesser violations can be subject to civil tax penalties including civil fraud penalties which may often be quite large, but can be investigated and assessed using civil not criminal procedures.

较轻的违法可能被判处包括民事欺诈(处罚数额通常很大)在内的民事税收处罚，但是追究责任的程序是民事程序而非刑事程序。

youdao

But on a more general level, the court's order highlights the challenges that inhere in applying a civil litigation framework to wartime decisions that often must be made on the basis of the best available intelligence.

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