abstract:In the development of vertebrate animals, pharyngeal or branchial pouches form on the endodermal side between the branchial arches, and pharyngeal grooves (or clefts) form the lateral ectodermal surface of the neck region to separate the arches.
Recurrent episodes occur in someoesophageal diseasesincludinghiatus hernia, stricture, achalasia of the cardia, andin patients with diverticulaorpharyngealpouch.