Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence.

反复使用一种物质可以导致成瘾或对该物质的依赖。

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Motivation plays a role, as does physical addiction, and whether or not the object of desire can be avoided or not.

积极性也很重要，药物依赖性也是个问题，而且有些诱惑是根本无法避免的。

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To be sure, psychological addiction can exist in the absence of physical substance dependence — how else to explain compulsive gambling?

可以肯定的是，心理成瘾有其物质基础- - -否则嗜赌成瘾作何解释？

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At the same time, his excruciating physical pain had led to a spiralling heroin addiction.

BBC: Kurt Cobain

Addiction exposes the deepest forms of physical and psychological dependency.

CNN: The price of our oil addiction

Like those dealing with serious addiction, one can take a path to detoxification which would rid the body of its ills at the price of a horrible physical experience, or one can keep feeding an addiction, perhaps in moderately reduced doses, in order to avert the pain.

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