In the Nun Study and the Mills College research, a measure of early positive expression determined the effect of this positivity over the lifespan.

在《修女研究》和米尔斯学院的研究中，有一项早期的积极表达方法决定了对寿命的正面影响。

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In both the Nun Study and the Mills College research a measure of early positive expression, one through writing and one through smiling, determined the effect of this positivity over the lifespan.

在《修女研究》和米尔斯学院的研究中，有一项早期的积极表达方法，一个是通过写作另一个是通过微笑，被认为对寿命有正面影响。

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Whether you’re going through something negative like a divorce, or just want to add more positivity to your life, little changes can have a big effect with very little effort.

不管你是否正在经历一些让你感到头痛的事情，比如离婚，或者你想让自己的生活多一些正面的元素，小小的改变对你的生活都是很有帮助的，而且也不是很费力哦。

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But the positivity effect has drawbacks: Older people often ignore crucial but nettlesome details or fall prey to scammers selling the moon.

FORBES: Rethinking Old Age

In 2003 she coined the term "the positivity effect, " a phenomenon that describes how people focus more on positive than negative information in old age.

FORBES: Magazine Article

Garber's involvement inspired Carstensen's graduate student Corinna Lockenhoff to see if, in light of the positivity effect, there was a way to help older people make better decisions about health care.

FORBES: Rethinking Old Age