Gaps between the depressed procurement price and the market-clearing price, however, create a second avenue: black marketeering.

但是，降低的收购价格和市场结算价格之间的差异，导致了另一条路径：操纵黑市价格。

youdao

Reducing waste by incorporating used materials into production can cut costs and decrease the price of procurement: less to be procured from the outside and more to be re-utilized from the inside.

通过将使用材料投入生产来减少浪费可以降低成本、减少采购花费：不从外部采购，更多从内部再利用。

youdao

Large procurement volumes have secured substantial price reductions.

大宗采购保证了大幅度降低价格。

youdao

But Woods said many contracts were being awarded locally even when foreign firms offered a better price or a higher quality bid, and highlighted "complex public procurement procedures, unfair national preference and wavering commitment to competition and market liberalization" as key factors holding back the creation of a competitive and dynamic market.

CNN: EU governments favoring home firms

"By incorporating Seagate's SSHD technology into our product offerings we are able to address customer demand for greater speed, shorter boot up and response times, optimum storage capacity and better battery life, all at a lower price point, " said Jerry Gross, vice president, Lenovo global procurement.

ENGADGET: Seagate ships its first desktop hybrid drive, third-gen laptop models

Rather than surrendering its best customers to private creditors, the bank wants to price its loans more keenly and make borrowing less cumbersome, using a country's own auditing and procurement methods wherever they are up to scratch.

ECONOMIST: Development banks in Latin America: Fading brands | The