China has become the second largest venture market in the world, as the country's research and development expenditure 1 ranks second worldwide, Spanish newspaper el PAIS reported on Wednesday.

西班牙国家报周三报道，中国的研究与开发支出全球排名第二，已成为世界第二大创业板市场。

youdao

Private firms reacted by reducing capital expenditure (by 8-15%) and research and development (by 7-12%); employment and sales growth also suffered.

私有企业的反应是削减资本支出(8 - 15%)及研发费用(7 - 12%)；就业率及销售增长同样受到伤害。

youdao

In the system of the conventional costing, the expenditure of research and development is always treated as the expense.

在传统成本核算体系下，研究与开发支出往往作为费用处理。

youdao

Small firms account for only a small proportion of the economy and a correspondingly small proportion of investment and of research-and-development expenditure.

ECONOMIST: Go forth and multiply | The

Innovation is not driven by high expenditure on research and development, but by the company's insights into consumer habits.

ECONOMIST: Consumer goods: Cleaning up | The