Oil-services firms there pioneered the technique of horizontal drilling, which is used to extract shale gas from America’s vast fields (conventional oil and gas are extracted using vertical wells).

美国的油田服务公司是水平钻孔技术的先驱，水平钻孔技术用来从美国的大型油田中提炼页岩气（通常石油和天燃气通过直井提炼而出）。

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Our known fossil fuel reserves are soaring. New finds of coal, natural gas, oil, tar sands, and oil shale keep growing, not declining.

已知的矿石燃料储备猛涨；不断有新的煤矿、天然气、石油、焦油砂和油页岩被发现；人口数量也在增长。

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We mine coal in South Africa and produce natural gas and condensate in Mozambique, oil in Gabon and shale gas in Canada.

我们在南非开采煤炭、在莫桑比克生产天然气和凝析油、在加蓬生产石油以及在加拿大生产页岩气。

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Shale oil and gas have emerged as a viable way to boost energy supplies.

BBC: Shale oil 'to boost world economy by up to $2.7tn'

Mitchell's provides services in the Bakken shale oil and gas fields of North Dakota and Montana.

BBC: Aberdeen's Wood Group US acquisition cleared

President Obama specifically mentioned clean coal, shale oil and gas as well as well bio-fuels and renewable energy.

FORBES: Obama and Romney Drill for Energy Answers