...理解、表达、校对三个阶段涉及诸多方面：译者(translator)、作者(author)、原文(source text)、原文读者(source-text readers)、译文()译文读者(d(target text)、译文读者(target-text readers)理解原文需要掌握源语的语法、语义、表达方式，了解原作者的...
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That is to say translators are not just passive receptors of the source text, but meaning-providers whose translation products will be interpreted by target readers.
这就从理论上肯定了译者的创造性：译者并非只是文本的被动接受者，而是生成意义供译入语读者阐释的主体。
The whole process of translation can roughly be divided into two stages: translators interpreting of the source text and target readers interpreting of TT.
翻译活动是涉及到原作、原作者、译作、译者和译文读者在内的一项创造性的活动。
The subjects and objects in translation process include the source text, the original author, the translator, the target text, and the TL readers.
翻译活动所涉及的主客体分别是：原作者、源语文本、译者、译语文本和译文读者。
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