Recent international surveys by Francophone Africa (PASEC) and Eastern and Southern Africa ( SACMEQ) show boys ahead of girls in all of the low income countries who participated in the assessments.

法语非洲（PASEC）和东南非洲（ SACMEQ）最近进行的国际调查表明，在所有参加评估的低收入国家中，男童都领先于女童。

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Similar processes can be seen elsewhere in Latin America, where fertility rates have been dropping to levels closer to American and northern European norm, but not yet those of the ultra-low Japan or southern European countries.

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