The 1930s gold standard was a fixed exchange rate system in which deficit countries were required to adjust by way of deflation rather than devaluation.

上世纪30年代实行的“金本位制”是一种固定汇率制度，赤字国家必须通过通缩、而非汇率贬值的方式进行调整。

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Before the First World War, the gold standard created a fixed exchange rate system as each country pegged the value of its currency to gold to establish its par value.

第一次民界大战之前，金本位制建立了固定汇率制，每个国家通过将本国货币与黄金挂钩来确定其货币的平价。

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Thus, the gold standard resulted in a system of fixed exchange rates among participating nations.

因此，金本位制导致各参与国之间形成固定汇率制。

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So you could even put the switch down to the slow death of that natural deflation built into the Gold Standard (or rather its step-nephew, the Gold Exchange system), starting at the very same time as US stockholders kissed goodbye to earning a premium each year above Treasury yields.

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