The network externality and heterogeneity in the demand side have the contrary impacts on the convergence of payment instruments.
需求方的网络外部性和异质性这两个特质对支付工具形态演变的收敛具有相反的作用力量。
So it is very significant in both theory and reality that the study for how the network externality affects the technological innovations diffusion.
因此，对银行技术创新扩散中网络外部性作用的分析具有很好的理论意义和现实意义。
Based on the network externality theory, a market competition risk control model was discussed. At the end of this paper, some advices of controlling market risk are given.
对于市场竞争风险的控制，本文应用网络外部效应理论探讨风险的控制模型，文章的最后还提到了一些市场风险控制的建议。
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